Factores de riesgo Salmonelosis: diagnóstico de laboratorio y estrategias de prevención
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61616/rvdc.v7i2.1822Palavras-chave:
Enfermedades infecciosas, agua, alimentos, microorganismos, parasitosisResumo
La salmonelosis es una de las enfermedades infecciosas transmitidas por alimentos de mayor importancia en salud pública a nivel mundial, causada por bacterias del género Salmonella, con capacidad de generar cuadros clínicos que van desde gastroenteritis autolimitada hasta formas invasivas graves. Esta enfermedad causa millones de casos de gastroenteritis y miles de muertes al año en todo el mundo. Se transmite principalmente de manera zoonótica, por el consumo de alimentos contaminados provenientes de animales, agua no potable y contacto con animales reservorios. En este contexto, se plantea la siguiente cuestión: ¿cuáles son las estrategias de prevención más eficaces para controlar la salmonelosis en el sur de Manabí, ¿cuáles son los métodos de laboratorio que existen para diagnosticarla y cuáles son sus factores de riesgo? El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo establecer a relevancia de los factores de riesgo, diagnóstico de laboratorio y prevención de salmonelosis. Con una metodología de revisión bibliográfica. Entre los resultados más relevantes se encuentran que dentro de los factores de riesgo de transmisión de salmonela está el mal uso de incubadoras, la contaminación dentro de la fase de cría avícola, así como ineficiencias en temperatura y mal control de plagas. El control de la salmonella se logra mediante medidas sanitarias estandarizadas y control de fuentes potables, educación sanitaria, lavado de manos, etc. Se concluye que la salmonelosis es un problema de salud actual influyente en el entorno rural y urbano, prevenible mediante el saneamiento de todas las fases de producción y alimentación de vectores como las aves y el ganado.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Jean Pierre Francisco Orlando López, Walter Stalin Soto Polanco, Génesis Ariana Villamar Zorrilla, Brigette Nahomy Villarreal Briones
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
