Impacto de la Violencia Familiar en la Salud Mental: Un Análisis PLS-SEM en Áreas Urbanas de Guayaquil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61616/rvdc.v7i2.1803Palavras-chave:
Violencia familiar, salud mental, PLS-SEM, trastorno de estrés postraumático, depresiónResumo
ANTECEDENTES: En el contexto de áreas urbanas de Guayaquil, donde la violencia es un problema endémico, este estudio tiene por objeto identificar el impacto de la violencia familiar sobre la salud mental. MÉTODO: Este estudio es cuantitativo transversal no experimental. Utiliza un muestreo por conveniencia con 100 participantes, quienes llenaron cuestionarios auto-administrados basados en escalas de Likert validadas, midiendo síntomas como ansiedad, depresión y trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Los datos se analizaron mediante modelado de ecuaciones estructurales basado en varianza (PLS-SEM) con software SMART-PLS, evaluando validez convergente, discriminante y relaciones estructurales. RESULTADOS: Los resultados confirman una asociación positiva y significativa: la violencia familiar predice un deterioro moderado en la salud mental (β = 0.320, p < 0.001, t = 11.880), explicando el 42.10% de la varianza. CONCLUSIONES: Estos hallazgos resaltan la urgencia de intervenciones preventivas, como programas comunitarios de detección temprana y terapias cognitivo-conductuales, para reducir disparidades en poblaciones vulnerables como mujeres y jóvenes. Limitaciones incluyen el tamaño muestral reducido, el sesgo de auto-reporte y la ausencia de causalidad temporal, sugiriendo estudios longitudinales futuros para explorar moderadores como el apoyo social. Este trabajo contribuye a políticas públicas orientadas a la salud emocional en entornos urbanos ecuatorianos.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Jorge Andrés Izaguirre Olmedo, Ernesto Wladimir Rangel Luzuriaga
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
