Prevalencia de Salmonella en Alimentos de Consumo Cotidiano y su Relación con Brotes de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61616/rvdc.v7i1.1342Palavras-chave:
agua, comunidad, educación, higiene, nutriciónResumo
Las enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos representan un problema importante de salud pública debido a la contaminación de productos de consumo cotidiano por microorganismos patógenos que pueden causar afecciones gastrointestinales en la población. El objetivo general de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de Salmonella en alimentos de consumo cotidiano y su relación con la aparición de brotes de enfermedades gastrointestinales. La metodología consistió en una investigación documental de tipo descriptivo basada en la revisión de artículos científicos publicados entre 2021 y 2025. La búsqueda de información se realizó en bases de datos y fuentes confiables como PubMed, Google Académico, SciELO, OMS y OPS, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión para seleccionar estudios relacionados con la presencia de Salmonella en alimentos y su impacto en la salud. Los resultados evidenciaron que la prevalencia de Salmonella varía según el tipo de alimento y la región, presentándose con mayor frecuencia en productos de origen animal como carne de pavo, cerdo y pollo, mientras que pescados y vegetales mostraron menores niveles de contaminación. Además, se identificaron factores de riesgo como manipulación inadecuada, cocción insuficiente y almacenamiento incorrecto. En conclusión, la presencia de Salmonella en alimentos constituye un riesgo para la salud pública, por lo que es necesario fortalecer la higiene alimentaria y la vigilancia sanitaria.
Referências
Wang , Xu , Wang , Shen , et al. Evaluación sistemática de la patogenicidad potencial de Salmonella Indiana. Microbiology. 2021; 247: p. 108759.
Hancock RE, McPhee JB. El sensor de Salmonella para las moléculas de defensa del huésped. Celúla. 2021; 122(3): p. 320-2.
Gallo , Ferrara , Calogero , Montesano , et al. Relationships between food and diseases: What to know to ensure food safety. Food Res Int. 2021; 137.
Kadariya , Smith TC, Thapaliya. Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal food-borne disease: an ongoing challenge in public health. Biomed Res Int. 2022; 14(1): p. 827965.
Tianmei , Liu , Jie Qin , Aspridou , et al. The Prevalence and Epidemiology of Salmonella in Retail Raw Poultry Meat in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods. 2021; 10(11): p. 2757.
Chlebicz , Śliżewska. Campylobacteriosis, Salmonellosis, Yersiniosis, and Listeriosis as Zoonotic Foodborne Diseases: A Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 15(5): p. 863.
Hung YT, Lay CL, Wang CL, Koo. Characteristics of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis in Taiwanese children: A 9-year period retrospective medical record review. J Infect Public Health. 2023; 10(5): p. 518-521.
Milczarek , Sadkowska Todys , Czarkowski MP, Kitowska. Salmonellosis in Poland in 2021. Przegl Epidemiol. 2021; 73(4): p. 463-477.
Crump JA, Sjölund Karlsson , Gordon MA, Parry CM, et al. Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Antimicrobial Management of Invasive Salmonella Infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2025; 28(4): p. 901-37.
Powell MR, Crim SM, Hoekstra RM, Williams MS, Gu W. Temporal patterns in principal Salmonella serotypes in the USA. Epidemiol Infect. 2021; 146(4): p. 437-441.
Ford , Miller , Cawthorne , Fearnley , Kirk. Approaches to the Surveillance of Foodborne Disease: A Review of the Evidence. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2023; 12(12): p. 927-36.
Sun , Zhang , Chen , Chen , et al. Epidemiología de los brotes de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos causados por Salmonella no tifoidea en la provincia de Zhejiang, China, 2010-2019. Enfermedades patógenas transmitidas por los alimentos. 2021; 18(12): p. 880-886.
Ramtahal MA, Amoako DG, Akeb AL, Somboro AM, et al. Una perspectiva de salud pública sobre la Salmonella en aves de corral en África: una revisión de la última década (2010-2020). Resistencia a los fármacos microbianos. 2022; 28(6).
Gonzales T, Bayas Rea R, Erazo E, Zapata Mena S. Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Food from Latin America: A Systematic Review. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2025; 22(2).
Zambrano Zambrano GN, Dra. Veliz Castro TI, Zavala Hoppe AN, et al. INFECCIÓNPOR SALMONELLA, COMPLICACIONES Y RESISTENCIA ANTIBIÓTICASALMONELLA INFECTION, COMPLICATIONS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE. Revista Científica de Salud BIOSANA. 2024; 4(2): p. 2023-236.
Altaf Hussain M, Wang , Sun , Gu , Liu , Yu , et al. Molecular Characterization Of Pathogenic Salmonella Spp From Raw Beef In Karachi, Pakistan. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021; 9(2): p. 73.
Bayas-Morejón F, Salazar-Ramos , Beltrán , Verdezoto. Aislamiento e identificación molecular de Salmonella spp., a partir de carnes de cerdo, res y pollo recolectadas de mercados en Guaranda. Ciencia Y Tecnología. 2021; 14(2): p. 73-76.
Ramatla , Mileng , Ndou , Mphuti , Syakalima , et al. Molecular Detection of Integrons, Colistin and β-lactamase Resistant Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium Isolated from Chickens and Rats Inhabiting Poultry Farms. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(2): p. 313.
López , Burgos , Vanegas , Álvarez , Mendez , Quinteros. Factors associated with microbiological contamination of chicken meat marketed in El Salvador. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2023; 40(1): p. 25-33.
Marquis GE, Covaia SM, Tabb AM, Kitch CJ, Hellberg RS. Microbiological safety and quality of ceviche, poke, and sushi dishes sold at retail outlets in Orange County, CA. Heliyon. 2023; 9(6): p. e16862.
Kostoglou , Simoni , Vafeiadis , Kaftantzis NM, Giaouris. Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes, and Population Levels of Food Safety Indicator Microorganisms in Retail Raw Chicken Meat and Ready-To-Eat Fresh Leafy Greens Salads Sold in Greece. Foods. 2023; 12(24): p. 4502.
Mendybayeva , Abilova , Bulashev , Rychshanova. Prevalence and resistance to antibacterial agents in Salmonella enterica strains isolated from poultry products in Northern Kazakhstan. Vet World. 2023; 16(3): p. 657-667.
Melaku Beyene , Alemie , Gizachew , Yousef AE, Dessalegn , et al. Serovars, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance profile of non-typhoidal Salmonella in the human-dairy interface in Northwest Ethiopia: A one health approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024; 18(11): p. e0012646.
Ahmed , Alí , Lyimo , Gwae Kimaro. Phenotypic resistance and virulence gene profiles of non-typhoidal Salmonella in retail poultry products in Arusha, Tanzania: A One Health perspective. Vet World. 2025; 18(10): p. 2991-3001.
Kemal , Tabit FT. Bacteriological Quality of Raw Beef Products and Contact Surfaces in the Meat Value Chain, Eastern Ethiopia. Environ Health Insights. 2025; 19.
Ehuwa , Jaiswal AK, Jaiswal. Salmonella, Food Safety and Food Handling Practices. Foods. 2021; 10(5): p. 907.
Canning , Birhane MG, Dewey-Mattia , Lawinger , et al. Salmonella Outbreaks Linked to Beef, United States, 2012–2019. Journal of Food Protection. 2023; 86(5): p. 100071.
Salah , Canning , Rickless , Devine , Buckman , et al. Comparing Individual and Community-level Characteristics of People with Ground Beef-associated Salmonellosis and Other Ground Beef Eaters: A Case-control Analysis. Journal of Food Protection. 2024; 87(7): p. 100303.
Vinueza-Burgos , Hidalgo-Arellano , Gómez-Coronado , Medina-Santana JL, Cevallos-Almeida M. Prevalence, serovars, and risk factors associated with the presence of Salmonella in pork sold in public markets in Quito, Ecuador. F1000Res. 2024; 12: p. 1367.
Uzoho. The role of contaminated water in food poisoning: an assessment of agricultural and processing practices. Communication in Physical Sciences. 2025; 12(3): p. 658-673.
Su , Kowalcyk , Scharff. The heterogeneous association between education and the adoption of safe food handling practices in Ethiopia. Health Economics Review. 2025; 15(12).
Moges , Rodland EK, Ambelu. Health risk assessment of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella from the consumption of street foods in Ethiopia. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2025; 25(576).
Etaka CA, Silva EM, Hamilton AM, Murphy CM, Strawn LK. Survival of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes on Food Contact Surfaces in Produce Packinghouses. Foods. 2025; 14(18): p. 3247.
Msrahi , Turkistani. Assessment the association between foodborne disease and food safety knowledge and practices among pilgrims during Hajj in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2025; 44(248).
Mohamed-Yousif IM, Khalifa HO, Habib I. Food Pathways of Salmonella and Its Ability to Cause Gastroenteritis in North Africa. Foods. 2025; 14(2): p. 253.
Vasco TG, Moreno LZ, Silva APS, Thakur , et al. Characterization of Salmonella enterica Contamination in Pork and Poultry Meat from São Paulo/Brazil: Serotypes, Genotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles. Pathogens. 2022; 11(3): p. 358.
Nazari Moghadam , Rahimi , Shakerian , Momtaz. Prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from poultry meat: virulence and antimicrobial-resistant genes. BMC Microbiology. 2023; 23(168).
Paiva MJM, Silva MLR, Alcantara MR, Santos FBS, Costa JVR, et al. Microbiological evaluation of homemade mayonnaise and self-serve acai sold in Araguaína, Tocantins. Braz J Biol. 2023; 18(83).
López Salazar JR, López Ullauri VG, Baquero Tapia MF, Heredia Aguirre SI. Prevalencia de Salmonella en queso fresco y su incidencia en la salud pública. Hogar. 2023; 20(S10).
Solís , Cordero , Quezada-Reyes , Escobar-Astete , Toro , Navarrete , et al. Prevalence of Salmonella in Eggs from Conventional and Cage-Free Egg Production Systems and the Role of Consumers in Reducing Household Contamination. Foods. 2023; 12(23): p. 4300.
Huoy , Vuth , Hoeng , chileno , et al. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in meat, seafood, and leafy green vegetables from local markets and vegetable farms in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Food Microbiology. 2024; 124: p. 104614.
Loor-Giler A, Sanchez-Castro , Robayo-Chico M, Puga-Torres , Santander-Parra S, et al. High contamination of Salmonella spp. in raw milk in Ecuador: molecular identification of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi, Paratyphi, Enteritidis and Typhimurium. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 2025; 9.
Osivand , Rahimi , Shakerian , Khamesipour. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of Salmonella species recovered from retail beef and poultry processing environments. BMC Microbiology. 2025; 25(174).
Taulo , Wetlesen , Abrahamsen , Kululanga , Mkakosya , et al. Microbiological hazard identification and exposure assessment of food prepared and served in rural households of Lungwena, Malawi. Int J Food Microbiol. 2025; 125(2): p. 111-6.
Zeynudin , Degefa , Abayneh. Detections of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Salmonella spps and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw vegetables and fruits from open markets in Jimma town, Ethiopia and evaluation of hygiene and hand. One Health Outlook. 2025; 7(2).
CHHIM P, PHAN , HUOY. Evaluation of bacterial and soil-transmitted helminth contaminations in lettuce and soil from agricultural farms and local markets, Cambodia. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Safety. 2021; 2(2575423): p. 59–65.
Belayneh SB, Luak CK, Bamboro SA. Pathogenic bacteria in raw milk and milk products in Ethiopia: A decade review of prevalence, contributing factors, and antimicrobial resistance. A systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med. 2025; 3(13): p. 20503121251353356.
Cardoso MJ, Nicolau AI, Borda , Nielsen , Leandro Maia R, et al. Salmonella in eggs: From shopping to consumption-A review providing an evidence-based analysis of risk factors. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2021; 20(3): p. 2716-2741.
Reis JO, Carvalho Teixeira LA, Cunha-Neto , Silva Castro , Figueiredo EES. Listeria monocytogenes in beef: a hidden risk. Res Microbiol. 2024; 175(7): p. 104215.
Binkley. Ethical Considerations in Clinical Research: Balancing Innovation and Patient Welfare. Journal of clinical research. 2023; 7(4): p. 2795-6172.
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Lidia Fernanda Jijón Cañarte, Sara Noemi Vidal Rosillo , Cristopher Isaac Ibarra Collantes , Arturo Jair Marcillo Marcillo
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
